The Writer's Harbrace Handbook
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Providing a reliable standard for writing students and teachers, this text is based on the Harbrace Handbook of English (1941)—the perennial college grammar and writing guide that grew from a systematic analysis of errors in some 20,000 college papers. In addition to a cleaner and clearer design, the second edition offers new emphasis on the rhetorical situation; revamped chapters on drafting and revising essays, e-designing, and writing arguments; new chapters on e-writing and evaluating online and print sources; coverage of writing for academic discourse, social and natural sciences, and business; and expanded style guides for researched writing. Annotation ©2003 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
PART I. WRITING AND THE RHETORICAL SITUATION. 1. The Rhetorical Situation. Understanding the rhetorical situation. Writing to an exigence. Writing with a specific purpose. Considering audience. Communicating a message within a context. 2. Reading Rhetorically. Previewing for an initial impression. Reading for content. Rereading for understanding. Recognizing a personal response. Writing about your reading. 3. Planning and Drafting Essays. Selecting subjects for writing. Focusing on a specific topic. Conveying a clear thesis. Arranging or outlining ideas. Getting your ideas into a first draft. Drafting well-developed paragraphs. Rhetorical methods of development. 4. Revising and Editing Essays. The essentials of revision. Introductions and conclusions. Unified and coherent paragraphs. Transitions within and between paragraphs. The benefits of peer review. Editing for clarity. Proofreading. The final draft. 5. Planning for Academic Success. Easing the pressure. Academic support opportunities. Managing deadlines. Abbreviating the writing process. Managing writer's block. Preparing for essay examinations. 6. Online Documents. The online rhetorical situation. Electronic messaging. Online discussion forums. Netiquette and online documents. Composing Web documents. Visual elements and rhetorical purpose. 7. Visual Documents. Visual representations of meaning. Examining images. The whole image. The elements of an image. Arrangement of visual elements. Image and surrounding text. Document design and purpose. The conventions of document design. Design and function. Graphics and purpose. 8. Writing Arguments. The purpose of your argument. Differing viewpoints. Fact versus opinion. A position or claim. Evidence. The rhetorical appeals. Arranging an argument. Logic. Avoiding rhetorical fallacies. Sample argument. PART II. RESEARCH. 9. Finding Sources Online, in Print, and in the Field. Research and the rhetorical situation. Finding books. Finding articles. Finding online sources. Field research 10. Evaluating Sources Online and in Print. Credibility of authors. Credibility of publishers. Online sources. Relevance and timeliness. 11. Using Sources Responsibly. The rhetorical situation and the research paper. Organizing notes. Bibliographies. Integrating sources. Avoiding plagiarism. Responding to sources. 12. MLA Documentation. MLA in-text citations. MLA list of works cited. MLA paper. 13. APA Documentation. APA in-text citations. APA reference list. APA paper. 14. CMS Documentation. CMS note and bibliographic forms. CMS paper. 15. CSE/CBE Documentation. CSE/CBE systems. CSE/CBE paper. PART III. WRITING IN THE DISCIPLINES. 16. Writing about Literature. Literature and its genres. Vocabulary for literature.. Approaches to literature. Reading and interpretation. Types of literary interpretation. Conventions for writing about literature. Sample literary interpretation. 17. Writing in the Social Sciences. Audience, purpose, and the research question. Evidence, sources, and reasoning. Special conventions. Social science report. 18. Writing in the Natural Sciences. Audience, purpose, and the research question. Evidence, sources, and reasoning. Special conventions. Natural science report. 19. Writing in Business. Special conventions. Business letters. Business memos. R'sum's. Application letters. Business plans. PART IV. GRAMMAR. 20. Sentence Essentials. Parts of speech. Subjects and predicates. Predicates. Subjects and complements. Basic sentence patterns. 21. Phrases and Clauses in Sentences. Phrases. Clauses. Conjunctions and conjunctive adverbs. Sentence forms. Sentence functions. 22. Sentence Fragments. Recognizing sentence fragments. Phrases as sentence fragments. Dependent clauses as sentence fragments. 23. Comma Splices and Fused Sentences. Punctuating independent clauses. Methods for identifying comma splices and fused sentences. Revising comma splices and fused sentences. Transitional words and phrases. Divided quotations. 24. Modifiers. Recognizing adjectives and adverbs. Comparatives and superlatives. Placement of modifiers. Dangling modifiers. Double negatives. 25. Pronouns. Recognizing pronouns. Pronoun case. Pronoun-antecedent agreement. Pronoun reference. 26. Verbs. Verb forms. Verb tenses. Verb tense consistency. Voice. Mood. Subject-verb agreement. PART V. EFFECTIVE SENTENCES. 27. Sentence Unity. Arranging details. Including necessary words. Revising mixed metaphors. Relating sentence parts. Completing comparisons. Completing intensifiers. 28. Subordination and Coordination. Using subordination. Using coordination. Avoiding faulty or excessive subordination and coordination. 29. Parallelism. Recognizing parallel elements. Repeating words and forms. Linking two or more sentences. Correlative conjunctions. Emphasizing key ideas. 30. Emphasis. Placement of words. Periodic and cumulative sentences. Ordering from least to most important. Repeating important words. Active and passive voice. Inverting word order. An occasional short sentence. 31. Variety. Sentence length. Sentence openings. Questions, commands, and exclamations. PART VI. USAGE. 32. Good Usage. Usage and the rhetorical situation. Style. Word choice. Inclusive language. Dictionaries. Thesaurus. 33. Exactness. Precise word choice. Evocative language. Idioms and collocations. First and second person. Clear definitions. 34. Conciseness. Eliminating wordiness. Unnecessary repetition. Elliptical constructions. PART VII. PUNCTUATION. 35. The Comma. Before a coordinating conjunction linking independent clauses. After introductory words, phrases, or clauses. Separating elements in a series. With nonessential elements. With geographical names and items in dates and addresses. With direct quotations. Unnecessary or misplaced commas. 36. The Semicolon. Connecting independent clauses. Separating elements that contain commas. Revising common semicolon errors. 37. The Apostrophe. Indicating ownership. Marking omissions. Forming certain plurals. 38. Quotation Marks. Direct quotations. Titles of short works. For tone or unusual usage. With other punctuation marks. 39. The Period and Other Marks. Period. Question mark. Exclamation point. Colon. Dash. Parentheses. Square brackets. Ellipsis points. Slash. PART VIII. MECHANICS. 40. Spelling, the Spell Checker, and Hyphenation. Spell checker. Spelling and pronunciation. Words that sound alike. Prefixes and suffixes. Confusion of ei and ie. Hyphens. 41. Capitals. Proper names. Titles and subtitles. Beginning a sentence. Computer terms. Unnecessary capitals. 42. Italics. Works published separately. Foreign words. Legal cases. Names of ships, aircraft, etc. Words, letters, or figures referred to as such. Emphasizing words. 43. Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Numbers. Proper names. Addresses in correspondence. Abbreviations in source documentation. Acceptable abbreviations. Acronyms. General uses of numbers. Special uses of numbers. Glossary of Usage. Glossary of Terms.
