The Essentials of English: A Writer's Handbook (with APA Style)
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From grammar and punctuation to the creation of essays and business letters, The Essentials of English: A Writer¿s Handbook, by Ann Hogue, is a must-have reference tool for today¿s writer. As easy to use as a dictionary, this handbook is designed specifically for non-native English speakers. The Essentials of English pays extra attention to articles, phrasal verbs, subordinate clauses, and other commonly troublesome items. The book uses everyday language and simple sentence structure in both explanations and examples. The examples reflect topics of multicultural interest.Each part focuses on a single topic, building from sentence structure and mechanics to writing, revising, and proper formatting. Students also learn how to write a research paper in the MLA and APA styles. Practice exercises provide immediate application, and ¿Special Tips¿ throughout indicate common errors, explain confusing points, and offer helpful hints.
PART 1 The Basics 1 Wordsa Nounsb Pronounsc Verbsd Adjectivese Articlesf Adverbsg Prepositionsh Conjunctionsi Interjections2 Phrasesa Noun phrasesb Infinitive phrasesc Gerund phrasesd Prepositional phrasese -ing and -ed phrasesf Appositive phrases3 Clausesa Independent clausesb Dependent clauses4 Sentencesa Sentence partsb Sentence patternsc Question patternsd Kinds of sentencesPART 2 Clear Sentences 5 Connecting Ideasa Coordinationb Subordinationc Coordination or subordination?6 Connecting Ideas by Coordinationa Making compound sentencesb Connecting words coordinating conjunctionsc Connecting words with correlative conjunctionsd Using parallel forms7 Connecting Ideas by Subordinationa Making complex sentencesb Using appositivesc Using -ing and -ed phrasesd Using shortened adverb clauses8 Common Sentence Problemsa Fragmentsb Run-together sentencesc Choppy writingd Overuse of and, but, and so9 Word Ordera Normal word orderb Inverted (verb-subject) word orderc Word order of direct and indirect objectsd Varying sentence openings10 Word Choicea Dictionaries and thesaurusesb Informal language and slangc Gender-sensitive (sexist) languagePART 3 Grammar11 Verb Forms and Tensesa Verb formsb Verb tensesc Special tense combinationsd Modalse Passive voice12 Special Situations with Verbsa Gerundsb Infinitivesc Gerunds vs. infinitivesd Phrasal verbs13 Subject-Verb Agreementa Singular subjectb Singular or plural subjectsc Plural subjectsd Confusing situations14 Nouns: Count and Noncounta Count nounsb Noncount nounsc Count or noncount nounsd Expressing quantity15 Articlesa For generic nouns: a, an, or no article ( æ )b For indefinite articles: a, an, or somec For definite nouns: thed Idiomatic uses of articlese Choosing the right article16 Pronounsa Subject, object, and possessive formsb Special situationsc Myself, ourselvesd Each other and one another17 Pronoun Agreementa With indefinite pronouns: someone, everybodyb With generic nouns: a student, an employeec With collective nouns: team, classd With either …or and neither ... nor18 Pronouns: Unclear Reference19 Adjectives and Adverbs: Positiona Position of adjectivesb Position of adverbs20 Special Situations with Adjectivesa Agreement of adjectivesb Order of adjectivesc Participial adjectives: boring or bored?21 Comparisonsa Equal degree: as big as, the same size asb Comparative and superlative degrees: bigger than, the biggest; more difficult than, the most difficultc Parallel forms with comparisons22 Negativesa No vs. notb Double negatives23 Adjective Clausesa Subject pronouns: who, which, thatb Object pronouns: whom, which, that, æ (no pronoun)c Possessive pronoun: whosed Relative adverbs: where and whene Punctuation of adjective clausesPART 4 Punctuation 24 End Punctuationa Periodsb Question marksc Exclamation points25 Commasa In compound sentencesb After introducersc Around extra-information modifiersd With transition signalse With direct quotationsf With items in a seriesg Other uses of commas26 Semicolonsa In compound sentencesb In compound sentences with transition signalsc In a series containing commas27 Colonsa In sentencesb Other uses of colons28 Apostrophesa With possessivesb In contractions and in yearsc With special plurals29 Quotation Marksa With direct quotationsb Other uses of quotation marks30 Parentheses31 Dashes32 Brackets and EllipsesPART 5 Mechanics 33 Capital Lettersa Pronoun Ib First word of a sentencec Proper nouns and most proper adjectivesd Titles and subtitles of workse Greetings and closings in lettersf Certain abbreviations34 Hyphensa In compound wordsb Dividing words at the end of a line35 Underlining and Italicsa Titles of long worksb Foreign wordsc Numbers, letters, and words used as words36 Abbreviationsa Titles of peopleb Dates and timesc Familiar abbreviationsd Postal codese Latin abbreviationsf Words usually not abbreviated37 Numbersa Numbers written as wordsb Numbers written as numeralsc Forming plural numbers38 Spellinga ei or ie ruleb Adding suffixesc Forming pluralsd British and American spellingPART 6 Writing and Revising 39 Writing in English40 The Writing Processa Creatingb Organizingc Writingd Polishing41 Paragraphsa Topic sentenceb Supporting sentencesc Paragraph unityd Paragraph coherencee Concluding sentencef Patterns of paragraph organization42 Essaysa Introductionb Bodyc Conclusiond Patterns of essay organizationPART 7 Formats 43 Writing on a Computer44 Document Formatsa Academic papers (MLA style)b Lab reportsc Business documentsd E-mail45 Research Papers a Making a scheduleb Taking a library tourc Choosing a topicd Collecting informatione Reading and taking notesf Writing and revising the paperg Citing your sources (MLA style)h Sample research paperPART 8 Reference Lists 46 Irregular Verbs 47 Verb + Prepositions Combinations 48 Phrasal Verbs 49 Adjective + Preposition Combinations 50 Pairs of -ing / -ed Adjectives 51 Proper Nouns with The 52 Connecting Words 53 Transition Signals 54 Troublesome Words 55 Editing Symbols 56 APA Style Answer Key
