Roots of Theological Anti-Semitism: German Biblical Interpretation and the Jews, from Herder and Semler to Kittel and Bultmann
As Adolf Hitler strategised his way to power, he knew that it was necessary to gain the support of theology and the Church. This study begins two hundred years earlier, however, looking at roots of theological anti-Semitism and how Jews and Judaism were constructed, positively and negatively, in the biblical interpretation of German Protestant theology. Following the two main streams of German theology, the salvation-historical and the Enlightenment-oriented traditions, it examines leading...
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As Adolf Hitler strategised his way to power, he knew that it was necessary to gain the support of theology and the Church. This study begins two hundred years earlier, however, looking at roots of theological anti-Semitism and how Jews and Judaism were constructed, positively and negatively, in the biblical interpretation of German Protestant theology. Following the two main streams of German theology, the salvation-historical and the Enlightenment-oriented traditions, it examines leading exegetes from the 1750s to the 1950s and explores how theology legitimises or delegitimises oppression of Jews, in part through still-prevailing paradigms. This is the first comprehensive analysis of its kind, and the result of the analysis of the interplay between biblical exegesis and attitudes to Jews and Judaism is a fascinating and often frightening portrait of theology as a servant of power.This book is also available in hardcover.
Introduction Roots of Theological Anti-Semitism 1Pt. I Enlightenment Exegesis and the JewsIntroduction 23The Jews in Enlightenment Exegesis From Deism to de Wette 29Johann Salomo Semler: Dejudaising Christianity 39Johann Gottfried Herder: The Volk Concept and the Jews 51F. D. E. Schleiermacher: Enlightenment Religion and Judaism 61W. M. L. de Wette: Judaism as Degenerated Hebraism 77The Jews in Enlightenment Exegesis from Baur to Ritschl 95Ferdinand Christian Baur: Judaism as an Historical Antipode of Christianity 97David Friedrich Strauss: Judaism in Continuity and Discontinuity with Christianity 121Albrecht Ritschl: Kulturprotestantismus and the Jews 133The History of Religions School and the Jews - An Historical Turn? 143Pt. II Salvation-Historical Exegesis and the Jews: From Tholuck to SchlatterIntroduction 191Friedrich August Tholuck: "Salvation Comes from the Jews" 195Johann Tobias Beck: Organic Continuity Between Judaism and Christianity 203Franz Delitzsch: Pioneering Scholarship in Judaism 213Hermann Leberecht Strack: Missions to and Defence of Jews 239Adolf Schlatter and Judaism: Great Erudition and Fierce Opposition 253Pt. III The Form Critics and the JewsIntroduction 329Karl Ludwig Schmidt: A Chosen People and a "Jewish Problem" 331Martin Dibelius: Ambivalence to Jews and Judaism 347Rudolf Bultmann: Liberal and Anti-Jewish 373Pt. IV Nazi Exegesis and the Jews 415Introduction 415Gerhard Kittel: Jewish Unheil Theologically Founded 417Walter Grundmann: Towards a Non-Jewish Jesus 531Concluding Analysis 577Archive Materials615Abbreviations 617Bibliography 619Name Index 653Subject Index 661New Testament Texts 677
