Progressions with Readings: From Paragraph to Essay

PART ONE THE WRITING PROCESSChapter 1 Planning and WritingPLANNING YOUR WRITING: GENERATING IDEASListingBrainstormingClusteringFreewritingJournalingWorking Together: Generating IdeasPLANNING YOUR WRITING: ESTABLISHING YOUR AUDIENCE ANDPURPOSEKinds of DetailsVocabularyApproachPLANNING YOUR WRITING: ORDERING YOUR IDEASChronological OrderSpatial OrderEmphatic OrderCombining OrdersMaking a Scratch OutlineCHECKING YOUR PLANNINGWRITING YOUR FIRST DRAFTOBSERVING A STUDENT WRITER AT WORKPlanning: Generating IdeasPlanning: Establishing Audience and PurposePlanning: Ordering IdeasWriting the First DraftWRITING ASSIGNMENT TIPS: PLANNING AND WRITINGSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGEChapter 2 RewritingREWRITING: REVISING YOUR FIRST DRAFTGet a Different PerspectiveGet Reader ResponseREWRITING: EDITING YOUR DRAFTGet a Fresh PerspectiveLearn the RulesREWRITING: PROOFREADING YOUR FINAL COPYOBSERVING A STUDENT WRITER AT WORKRewriting: Considering Reader ResponseRewriting: Revising the First DraftRevising, Editing, and Proofreading the DraftWRITING ASSIGNMENTTIPS: REVISINGSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGEPART TWO -THE PARAGRAPHChapter 3 Paragraph BasicsTHE PARTS OF A PARAGRAPHTHE TOPIC SENTENCEThe Qualities of Effective Topic SentencesPlanning, Writing, and Rewriting: Your Topic SentenceTHE SUPPORTING DETAILSAdequate Supporting DetailSpecific Supporting DetailUse Specific WordsFollow General Statements with Specific StatementsRelevant Supporting DetailLogical OrderTransitions and Repetition for CoherenceTHE CLOSINGPLANNING, WRITING, AND REWRITING YOUR PARAGRAPHWRITING ASSIGNMENTTIPS: COMPOSING YOUR PARAGRAPHSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGEChapter 4 NarrationA SAMPLE NARRATIVE PARAGRAPHTHE TOPIC SENTENCESUPPORTING DETAILSOrder and TransitionsWriting DialogueUsing Specific WordsTHE CLOSINGPLANNING, WRITING, AND REWRITING NARRATIONWRITING ASSIGNMENTSTIPS: COMPOSING YOUR NARRATIVE PARAGRAPHSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGEChapter 5 DescriptionA SAMPLE DESCRIPTIVE PARAGRAPHTHE TOPIC SENTENCESUPPORTING DETAILSOrder and TransitionsTHE CLOSINGPLANNING, WRITING, AND REWRITING DESCRIPTIONWRITING ASSIGNMENTSTIPS: COMPOSING YOUR DESCRIPTIVE PARAGRAPHSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGE Chapter 6 IllustrationA SAMPLE ILLUSTRATION PARAGRAPHTHE TOPIC SENTENCESUPPORTING DETAILSOrder and TransitionsTHE CLOSINGPLANNING, WRITING, AND REWRITING ILLUSTRATIONWRITING ASSIGNMENTSTIPS: COMPOSING YOUR ILLUSTRATION PARAGRAPHSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGEChapter 7 Process AnalysisA SAMPLE PROCESS ANALYSISTHE TOPIC SENTENCESUPPORTING DETAILSOrder and TransitionsTHE CLOSINGPLANNING, WRITING, AND REWRITING PROCESS ANALYSISWRITING ASSIGNMENTSTIPS:COMPOSING YOUR PROCESS ANALYSIS PARAGRAPHSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGEChapter 8 DefinitionA SAMPLE DEFINITION PARAGRAPHTHE TOPIC SENTENCESUPPORTING DETAILSOrder and TransitionsTHE CLOSINGPLANNING, WRITING, AND REWRITING DEFINITIONWRITING ASSIGNMENTSTIPS: COMPOSING YOUR DEFINITION PARAGRAPHSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGEChapter 9 Comparison and ContrastSAMPLE COMPARISON AND CONTRAST PARAGRAPHSTHE TOPIC SENTENCESUPPORTING DETAILSOrder and TransitionsPLANNING, WRITING, AND REWRITING COMPARISON AND CONTRAST WRITING ASSIGNMENTSTIPS: COMPOSING YOUR COMPARISON AND CONTRAST PARAGRAPHSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGEChapter 10 Cause-and-Effect AnalysisSAMPLE CAUSE-AND-EFFECT PARAGRAPHSTHE TOPIC SENTENCESUPPORTING DETAILSOrder and TransitionsTHE CLOSINGPLANNING, WRITING, AND REWRITING CAUSE-AND-EFFECT ANALYSISWRITING ASSIGNMENTSTIPS: COMPOSING YOUR CAUSE-AND-EFFECT ANALYSIS PARAGRAPHSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGEChapter 11 ClassificationA SAMPLE CLASSIFICATION PARAGRAPHTHE TOPIC SENTENCESUPPORTING DETAILSOrder and TransitionsTHE CLOSINGPLANNING, WRITING, AND REWRITING CLASSIFICATIONWRITING ASSIGNMENTSTIPS: COMPOSING YOUR CLASSIFICATION PARAGRAPHSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGE Chapter 12 ArgumentA SAMPLE ARGUMENT PARAGRAPHTHE TOPIC SENTENCESUPPORTING DETAILSOrder and TransitionsTHE CLOSINGPLANNING, WRITING, AND REWRITING ARGUMENTWRITING ASSIGNMENTSTIPS: COMPOSING YOUR ARGUMENT PARAGRAPHSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGE PART THREE THE ESSAYChapter 13 Writing an EssayTHE PARTS OF AN ESSAYComparing Paragraph and Essay PartsTHE INTRODUCTIONThe ThesisThe Qualities of an Effective ThesisThe HookSUPPORTING PARAGRAPHSThe Topic SentenceSupporting DetailsLogical OrderCoherenceUsing the Patterns of DevelopmentTHE CONCLUSIONESSAY STRUCTUREPLANNING, WRITING, AND REWRITING AN ESSAYWRITING ASSIGNMENTSTIPS: COMPOSING YOUR ESSAYSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGEChapter 14 Kinds of EssaysNARRATIONStudent Essay: A Deadly AfternoonWRITING ASSIGNMENTDESCRIPTIONStudent Essay: My Place of SolitudeILLUSTRATIONStudent Essay: One Step Forward and Two Steps BackWRITING ASSIGNMENTPROCESS ANALYSISStudent Essay: Making Money with a Garage SaleWRITING ASSIGNMENTDEFINITIONStudent Essay: Online IdentityWRITING ASSIGNMENTCOMPARISON AND CONTRASTStudent Essay: Identical but DifferentWRITING ASSIGNMENTCAUSE-AND-EFFECT ANALYSISStudent Essay: What Happened When I Quit SmokingWRITING ASSIGNMENTCLASSIFICATIONStudent Essay: Different Ways to Save FilesWRITING ASSIGNMENTARGUMENTStudent Essay: Let’s Pay College AthletesWRITING ASSIGNMENTCOMBINING PATTERNSStudent Essay: Toward a Safer CampusWRITING ASSIGNMENTSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGEPART FOUR EFFECTIVE SENTENCESChapter 15 Identifying Subjects and VerbsSUBJECTS AND VERBSIDENTIFYING VERBSAction VerbsLinking VerbsHelping VerbsSentences with More Than One VerbIDENTIFYING SUBJECTSSentences with Prepositional PhrasesSentences with Inverted OrderSentences with More Than One SubjectSentences That Are Commands or RequestsTIPS: IDENTIFYING SUBJECTS AND VERBSLEARNING FROM TEXTBOOKSSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGEChapter 16 Using Coordination and SubordinationIDENTIFYING CLAUSES Two Kinds of ClausesCOORDINATIONJoining Independent Clauses with Coordinating ConjunctionsJoining Independent Clauses with Conjunctive AdverbsSUBORDINATIONJoining an Independent Clause with a Dependent ClauseJoining an Independent Clause with a Relative ClauseTIPS: USING COORDINATION AND SUBORDINATIONLEARNING FROM TEXTBOOKSSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGEChapter 17 Avoiding Sentence Fragments IDENTIFYING SENTENCE FRAGMENTS Missing Subject FragmentsIncomplete Verb FragmentsMissing and Subject and Verb FragmentsDependent Clause FragmentsTIPS: AVOIDING SENTENCE FRAGMENTSLEARNING FROM TEXTBOOKSSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGE Chapter 18 Avoiding Run-On Sentences and Comma Splices IDENTIFYING RUN-ON SENTENCES AND COMMA SPLICES Correcting Run-Ons and Comma Splices wit a Period and Capital LetterCorrecting Run-Ons and Comma Splices with a Comma and CoordinatingConjunctionCorrecting Run-Ons and Comma Splices with a SemicolonWarning Words and PhrasesTIPS: AVOIDING RUN-ON SENTENCES AND COMMA SPLICESLEARNING FROM TEXTBOOKSSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGE Chapter 19 Writing Sentences with Variety and ParallelismSENTENCE VARIETY Begin with One or Two —ly WordsBegin with an —ing Verb or PhraseBegin with an —ed Verb of PhraseBegin with a Prepositional PhrasePARALLELISM: WORDS IN SERIES AND PAIRSPARALLELISM: PAIRS OF CONJUNCTIONSTIPS: WRITING SENTENCES WITH VARIETY AND PARALLELISMLEARNING FROM TEXTBOOKSSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGE Chapter 20 Choosing Words CarefullyWORDINESSDOUBLE NEGATIVESSLANGCLICHÉSVOCABULARY BUILDINGTIPS: CHOOSING WORDS CAREFULLYLEARNING FROM TEXTBOOKSSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGEComprehensive Post Test for Part Four PART FIVE GRAMMAR AND USAGEChapter 21 Using Verbs CorrectlyVERB FORMS Regular VerbsPresent Tense Forms for Regular VerbsPast Tense Forms for Regular VerbsPast Participle Forms for Regular VerbsIrregular VerbsPresent Tense Forms for Irregular VerbsPresent Tense Forms for Be, Have, and DoPast Tense Forms for Irregular VerbsPast Tense Forms for BePast Participle Forms for Irregular VerbsSUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENTCompound SubjectsCollective Noun SubjectsIndefinite Pronoun SubjectsPhrases between the Subject and VerbInverted OrderWho, Which, ThatTENSE SHIFTSTIPS: USING VERBS CORRECTLYLEARNING FROM TEXTBOOKSSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGE Chapter 22 Using Pronouns CorrectlyPRONOUN-ANTECEDENT AGREEMENT Compound Subject AntecedentsCollective Noun AntecedentsIndefinite Pronoun AntecedentsNonsexist UsagePhrases after the AntecedentPRONOUN REFERENCEUnclear ReferenceUnstated ReferenceSUBJECT, OBJECT, AND POSSESSIVE PRONOUNSSubject PronounsObject PronounsPossessive PronounsWho and WhomSubject and Object Pronouns in CompoundsSubject and Object Pronouns Paired with NounsSubject and Object Pronouns in ComparisonsPERSON SHIFTTIPS: USING PRONOUNS CORRECTLYLEARNING FROM TEXTBOOKSSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGE Chapter 23 Using Modifiers CorrectlyADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS -ly AdverbsGood/WellComparative and Superlative FormsDANGLING MODIFIERSMISPLACED MODIFIERSTIPS: USING MODIFIERS COMRRECTLYLEARNING FROM TEXTBOOKSSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGEChapter 24 Using Capital Letters and Punctuation CorrectlyCAPITAL LETTERSEND PUNCTUATIONThe PeriodThe Question MarkThe Exclamation PointCOMMASCommas with DatesCommas with Places and AddressesCommas with Words, Phrases, and Clauses in a SeriesCommas with CoordinationCommas with Introductory ElementsCommas with InterruptersCommas with Coordinate ModifiersCommas with Direct AddressSEMICOLONSSemicolons to Join Independent ClausesSemicolons with Items in a SeriesCOLONS, PARENTHESES, AND DASHESThe ColonParenthesesThe DashAPOSTROPHESApostrophes for PossessionApostrophes with ContractionsOther Uses for the ApostropheQUOTATION MARKSQuotation Marks with Exact Spoken or Written WordsQuotation Marks with Titles of Short Published WorksTIPS: USING CAPITALS AND PUNCTUATION CORRECTLYLEARNING FROM TEXTBOOKSSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGEChapter 25 Eliminating Problems with Frequently Confused Words and SpellingFREQUENTLY CONFUSED WORDSA/AnAccept/ExceptAdvice/AdviseAffect/EffectAll Ready/AlreadyAll Right/AlrightAmong/BetweenBeen/BeingBeside/BesidesCan/CouldFewer/LessGood/WellIt’s/ItsOf/HavePassed/PastQuiet/Quit/QuiteSuppose/SupposedThen/ThanThere/Their/They’reThrough/Though/ThrewTo/Too/TwoUse/UsedWhere/Were/We’reWill/WouldWhose/Who’sYour/You’reSPELLINGSpelling RulesFrequently Misspelled WordsThe HyphenTIPS: USING FREQUENTLY CONFUSED WORDS AND SPELLING CORRECTLYLEARNING FROM TEXTBOOKSSUCCEEDING IN COLLEGE Comprehensive Post Test for Part Five PART SIX FROM READING TO WRITINGChapter 26 Writing in Response to College Reading ACTIVE READING Step 1: SurveyStep 2: Read without InterruptionStep 3: Read and StudyStep 4: Test YourselfA SAMPLE ACTIVE READINGohn Kellmayer “Students in Shock”READING TO IMPROVE WRITINGNARRATIONLori Hope “Did I Save Lives or Engage in Racial Profiling?”DESCRIPTIONPatsy Garlan “A Link to the Living”ILLUSTRATIONKathleen Vail “Words that Wound”PROCESS ANALYSISJoey Green “Beauty and the Beef”DEFINITIONJenny Bradner “Supermodel?”COMPARISON AND CONTRASTAndrew Lam “They Shut My Grandmother’s Room Door”CAUSE-AND-EFFECT ANALYSISJudy Mandell “Sometimes Honesty Is the Worst Policy”CLASSIFICATIONMarion Winik “What Are Friends For?”ARGUMENTAndrew D. Brunhart “Thirsty? Try the Tap”SUCCEEDING IN COLLEGEChapter 27 Writing Summaries and Essay Examination AnswersWRITING A SUMMARY The Characteristics of a SummaryHow to Write a SummaryA Sample SummaryBarrett Seaman “How Bingeing Became the New College Sport”WRITING ESSAY EXAMINATION ANSWERSHow to Take an Essay ExaminationTest-Taking StrategiesTwo Answers to StudySUCCEEDING IN COLLEGEAppendix I Editing WorkshopEDITING FOR ONE KIND OF ERROREDITING FOR MULTIPLE KINDS OF ERRORSAppendix II Answers to Pretests