Fluvial Hydraulics
Fluvial Hydraulics provides a sound qualitative and quantitative understanding of water and sediment flows in natural rivers. This understanding is essential for modeling and predicting hydrologic and geomorphologic processes, erosion, sediment transport, water supply and quality, habitat management, and flood hazards. This book's coverage bridges the gap between the highly quantitative mechanics-based civil-engineering approach to stream hydraulics and the more qualitative treatments of...
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Fluvial Hydraulics provides a sound qualitative and quantitative understanding of water and sediment flows in natural rivers. This understanding is essential for modeling and predicting hydrologic and geomorphologic processes, erosion, sediment transport, water supply and quality, habitat management, and flood hazards. This book's coverage bridges the gap between the highly quantitative mechanics-based civil-engineering approach to stream hydraulics and the more qualitative treatments of fluvial geomorphology typical of earth-sciences and natural-resources curricula. Measurements of natural river flows illustrate many central concepts.The book is specifically designed for upper-level students and practitioners who are interested in a fundamental understanding of river behavior. An introduction to the history of fluvial hydraulics and an overview of the morphology and hydrology of rivers provides the context for the rest of the text. A thorough understanding of water properties, including turbulence, is developed via a series of simple thought experiments. The bases of the equations that are used to describe and predict river flows are systematically presented, including dimensional analysis. Subsequent chapters build logically on these foundations, covering velocity distributions, new insights to the central topic of flow resistance, the magnitudes of forces in natural river flows, the principles of conservation of energy and momentum, the prediction of water-surface profiles, the principles of flow measurement, mechanics, and geomorphic aspects of sediment transport. The book will be especially valuable in providing a scientific basis for the growing field of river restoration. An appendix reviews dimenstions, units, and numerical precision. Over 250 references are cited, providing an entree to the extensive multi-disciplinary literature on rivers. The book's website provides suggestions for student exercises and makes available extensive data bases of measured streamflows for student exploration.
1 Introduction to Fluvial Hydraulics 32 Natural Streams: Morphology, Materials, and Flows 203 Structure and Properties of Water 944 Basic Concepts and Equations 1375 Velocity Distribution 1756 Uniform Flow and Flow Resistance 2117 Forces and Flow Classification 2698 Energy and Momentum Principles 2959 Gradually Varied Flow and Water-Surface Profiles 32310 Rapidly Varied Steady Flow 34711 Unsteady Flow 40012 Sediment Entrainment and Transport 451Appendices 514A Dimensions, Units, and Numerical Precision 514B Description of Flow Database Spreadsheet 526C Description of Synthetic Channel Spreadsheet 527D Description of Water-Surface Profile Computation Spreadsheet 530Notes 531References 536Index 549
