Essentials of English Grammar: The Quick Guide to Good English
Clear, concise, and packed with lively examples, Essentials of English Grammar, Third Edition, fills you in on general usage rules for parts of speech, punctuation, capitalization, abbreviations, numbers, word division, spelling, commonly confused words, and much more. It also includes style guidelines with tips on how to write with economy, clarity, and accuracy.\ A quick reference for people with the occasional question and an excellent primer for anyone learning the basics, this edition of...
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Perplexed by prepositions?Stymied by semicolons?Solve the puzzle of good grammar.A quick reference for people with grammar questions and an excellent primer for anyone learning the basics, Essentials of English Grammar features a glossary of grammar terms and updated coverage of stylistic conventions.Easy-to-follow examples guide you through the rules for parts of speech, punctuation, capitalization, spelling, frequently confused words, and much more. Also included are important style tips on how to write with economy, clarity, and accuracy.An indispensable, easy-to-use reference to the English language, Essentials of English Grammar includes information on:Grammar Essentials Parts of speech and their functions Pronoun-antecedent agreement Common errors in using verb tenses Correct use of punctuation and punctuation style Sentence constructions Errors to avoid with prepositions Spelling and word division Correct use of capitalization, abbreviations, and numbers Style Considerations Effective sentence patterns Brevity in writing Using words that are specific and concrete for clarity Achieving accuracy Salutations and titles Gender-inclusive language Appendixes Principal parts of irregular verbs Verb-preposition combinations Frequently confused words Frequently misspelled words L. Sue Baugh is the bestselling author of numerous books on grammar usage and writing.
PrefacexiAcknowledgmentsxvPart IEssentials of Grammar11Parts of Speech3Nouns4Proper, Common, and Collective Nouns4Functions of Nouns4Plural Nouns5Possessive Nouns5Pronouns7Personal Pronouns7Case of Personal Pronouns8Indefinite Pronouns8Possessive Pronouns9Relative Pronouns10Interrogative Pronouns11Demonstrative Pronouns11Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement11Who or Whom?13Verbs14Basic Verb Forms15Auxiliary Verbs15Verb Tenses16Regular Verbs16Functions of the Six Tenses18Irregular Verbs21Common Errors in Using Verb Tenses21Mood24Active and Passive Voices25Subject-Verb Agreement26Special Subject-Verb Agreement Cases27Adjectives29Demonstrative Adjectives30Limiting Adjectives30Comparisons31Compound Adjectives32Predicate Adjectives32Adverbs32Forming Adverbs32Types of Adverbs33Comparisons34Adverb Position and Meaning34Adjective or Adverb?35Prepositions36Phrasal Prepositions37Common Errors to Avoid37Prepositions Used with Verbs38Conjunctions39Coordinating Conjunctions39Correlative Conjunctions39Subordinating Conjunctions40Linking Adverbs41Interjections42Common Interjections42Punctuation432Punctuation and Punctuation Style45End Marks: Period, Question Mark, Exclamation Point45Period45Question Mark46Exclamation Point47Comma47Series Comma48Independent Clauses48Introductory Clauses, Phrases, Expressions49Nonrestrictive Clauses and Nonessential Material49Direct Address49Commas and Clarity50Traditional Comma Uses50Comma Faults51Semicolon51Independent Clauses52Series53Colon53Before a Series or List53Between Independent Clauses54Time54Formal and Business Communications54Quotation Marks54Punctuation with Quotation Marks55Brief and Long Quotations56Single Quotation Marks56Titles56Terms and Expressions57Apostrophe57Possessive of Singular Nouns57Possessive of Plural Nouns58Possessive of Indefinite and Personal Pronouns58Individual and Joint Possession58Units of Measure as Possessive Adjectives59Plural Forms of Symbols59Contractions59Hyphen60Compound Numbers and Fractions60Continuous Numbers60Prefixes and Suffixes61Compound Adjectives61Word Division61Hyphenated Names62To Avoid Confusion62Dash62Parentheses63Brackets63Ellipses63Italics64Emphasis64Foreign Words and Phrases64Titles65Vehicles653Sentences and Sentence Patterns67Sentences, Fragments, and Run-Ons67Phrases and Clauses68Phrases69Clauses69Subject and Predicate70Forms of the Subject70Forms of the Predicate72Sentence Constructions74Simple Sentence74Compound Sentence74Complex Sentence75Compound-Complex Sentence75Modifiers in Sentences754Capitalization, Abbreviations, and Numbers77Capitalization77Proper Nouns and Adjectives77Hyphenated Names and Prefixes78Family Relationships78Nationalities and Races79Languages and School Subjects79Religious Names and Terms79Academic Degrees and Personal Titles81Historic Events, Special Events, and Holidays81Historical Monuments, Places, and Buildings82Calendar Days, Months, and Seasons82Documents82Titles of Publications82Compass Points83Geographic Names and Regions83Scientific Terms84Capitals with Numbers86Abbreviations86General Guidelines86Personal Names and Titles87Company Names90Agencies and Organizations90Geographic Terms91Time94Scholarly Abbreviations96Measures97Science and Technology98Commercial Abbreviations99Numbers100Arabic Numbers and Roman Numerals100Figures or Words101Ages103Names104Governmental Designations104Organizations105Addresses and Thoroughfares106Time of Day106Dates107Money109Percentages110Fractions and Decimals110Measures111Temperature112Parts of a Book112Inclusive Numbers1135Spelling and Word Division115Spelling Guidelines115Prefixes115Suffixes118Plurals126The i and e Rules131Word Division132General Rules132Syllables and Word Division132Single-Letter Syllables133Final and Double Consonants134Hyphenated Words134Proper Names135Figures and Abbreviations135Part IIStyle Considerations1376Sentences139Use Clarity and Meaning as the Criteria for Good Sentences139Include Only One to Two Ideas in Each Sentence140Vary Sentence Patterns to Avoid Monotonous Use of Any Particular Construction1417Brevity145Avoid the Phrases There Is and There Are145Condense Clauses Beginning with Which, That, or Who into Fewer Words145Strike Out the Article the Wherever Possible146Eliminate Wordy and Redundant Phrases and Expressions1468Clarity149Keep Words Fresh149Jargon149Buzzwords150Cliches151Keep Words Specific and Concrete151Keep References Clear152Keep Modifiers Close to Words They Modify153Place Adverbs Close to Words They Modify153Keep Subject and Verb Together153Make Sure That Antecedents Are Clear154Keep Structures Parallel1559Accuracy157Double-Check Figures, Dates, Specifications, and Other Details157Be Sure That All Names, Titles, and Abbreviations Are Spelled Properly157Verify the Accuracy of Direct Quotations157Make Sure That Ideas Are Presented Clearly158Make Sure Your Work Is Neat and Legible15810Gender-Inclusive Language159Nouns and Pronouns159Alternative Noun Forms161Suffixes ess, ette, ix, and ienne/ine162Social Titles164Salutations164Occupational Titles165Appendix APrincipal Parts of Irregular Verbs167Appendix BVerb-Preposition Combinations169Appendix CFrequently Confused Words175Appendix DFrequently Misspelled Words183Glossary189Index195
