Driving Forces in Physical, Biological and Socio-Economic Phenomena: A Network Science Investigation of Social Bonds and Interactions
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Multi-disciplinary book on network theory for graduate students and researchers in sociology and econophysics.
Preface xiBridging the gap between physics and the social sciences 1Probing bonds 3The Rutherford experiment 6Boiling points as test-probes 10Basic principles of the physics of mixing 12Immiscible liquids 13Physical properties of a mixture as a tool for exploring bonds 14Estimating the correlation length in social phenomena 16Outline of the book 23Gauging the links between two twinned communities 24The battle against noise in physics 26Improving the signal to noise ratio in the pendulum experiment 29Noise reduction in the detection of gravitational waves 31Pattern matching: a simulation 32The battle against noise in the social sciences 35The extreme value technique 35Pattern matching: knowing when and what to observe 38Reducing noise by adding up several realizations 43Confidence intervals and statistical significance 50Upgrading statistical tests 54Conclusion 60Equilibrium and metastable states 62Equilibrium restoring forces 63Probing the strength of equilibrium restoring forces 66Metastable states in physics and chemistry 71Metastability, seeds and forms of post-revolution societies 75Are the data reliable? 80The replication process for the Foucault pendulum experiment 81The replication process for cold nuclear fusion 84Biased suicide statistics 85Interactions between Japanese population and occupation forces 90Conclusions and perspectives 99Macro-interactions 101Shaping the Zeitgeist 105Marketing campaigns: shaping the response of consumers 106Public relations campaigns: example of cell phones in cars 111Shaping the Zeitgeist: the promotion of neoliberalism 115Tangible effects of neoliberal policies 126A network perspective 131From Edward Bernays to Isaac Asimov 132Bonds of vassalage 135Role of the United States in the First Vietnam War 137Ways and means 145Identification of interference through the coincidence method 146The absentee ownership syndrome 150Land reform in Japan under General MacArthur 150How the strength of interpersonal interactions conditions human behavior 151Effects of absentee ownership in Ireland 155Effect of segmentation on the effectiveness of a social system 156Hardship as a side effect of absentee landlordism 158The absentee landlord paradigm in history 160Assessing interaction in settler colonies 161Revolutions seen as a way to end absentee landlordism 165Present-day manifestations of the absentee ownership syndrome 165Micro-interactions: a network explanation of suicide 169Effects of a male-female imbalance 173Suicide rates of unmarried versus married people 174Suicide rate in a population with a gender imbalance 176Designing the experiment 178Suicide rates as a function of sex ratio in groups of immigrants 182Cross-sectional analysis 185Male-female imbalance induced by war 186Suicide rate in a population with a sex ratio r [not equal] 1 190Effect of weakened marital bonds on suicide 192Suicide rate of young widowers 192Effect of falling marriage rates 195Effect of a sudden upsurge in marriages 197Connection between mean age of marriage and suicide rate 198Longitudinal test 199Cross-sectional analysis 201Effect of social isolation on suicide 205Effect of major historical events on suicide 205Effect of social isolation on suicide 209Effect of a rearrangement of social ties 214Effect on suicide of the social disruption experienced by immigrants 217Effect of immigration on suicide rates in the country of destination 220Non-linear mixing relationships 225Apoptosis 231Apoptosis versus necrosis 232Role of apoptosis in the development of multicellular organisms 233Apoptosis in plants 234Apoptosis in populations 234Apoptosis in groups of mammals 237Apoptosis in human societies 238Perspectives 241References 243Index 252
