Alternative Solvents for Green Chemistry
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This book, which is part of a green chemistry series, uses examples that tie in with the 12 principles of green chemistry e.g. atom efficient reactions in benign solvents and processing of renewable chemicals / materials in green solvents. Readers get an overview of the many different kinds of solvents, written in such a way to make the book appropriate to newcomers to the field and prepare them for the 'green choices' available. The book also removes some of the mystique associated with 'alternative solvent' choices and includes information on solvents in different fields of chemistry such as analytical and materials chemistry in addition to catalysis and synthesis. The latest research developments, not covered elsewhere, are included such as switchable solvents and biosolvents. Also, some important areas that are often overlooked are described such as naturally sourced solvents (including ethanol and ethyl lactate) and liquid polymers (including poly (ethyleneglycol) and poly (dimethylsiloxane)). As well as these additional alternative solvents being included, the book takes a more general approach to solvents, not just focusing on the use of solvents in synthetic chemistry. Applications of solvents in areas such as analysis are overviewed in addition to the more widely recognized uses of alternative solvents in organic synthesis.Unfortunately, as the book shows, there is no universal green solvent and readers must ascertain their best options based on prior chemistry, cost, environmental benefits and other factors. It is important to try and minimize the number of solvent changes in a chemical process and therefore, the importance of solvents in product purification, extraction and separation technologies are highlighted.
Ch. 1 Introduction 1Ch. 2 'Solvent free' Chemistry 23Ch. 3 Water 44Ch. 4 Supercritical Fluids 68Ch. 5 Renewable Solvents 97Ch. 6 Room Temperature Ionic Liquids and Eutectic Mixtures 118Ch. 7 Fluorous Solvents and Related Systems 143Ch. 8 Liquid Polymers 170Ch. 9 Tunable and Switchable Solvent Systems 188Ch. 10 Industrial Case Studies 204Subject Index 218
